LIQUEFIED petroleum gas (LPG) is 'at least as attractive an energy source as liquefied natural gas (LNG), with shorter payback periods, lower investment costs and lower sensitivity to fuel price scenarios,' a joint study by DNV GL and MAN has found.
'Furthermore, there is considerable LPG infrastructure available around the world, including storage facilities, export terminals and coastal refineries with loading and unloading installations,' said DNV GL's head of the LNG section Torill Grimstad Osberg.
Using LPG as a fuel can lower emissions to air compared to conventional fuels, both in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants, reported Hellenic Shipping News Worldwide.
'The use of LPG virtually eliminates sulphur emissions and can help comply with local and global sulphur restrictions. The reduction of NOX [nitrogen oxide] emissions depends on the engine technology used.
'In the case of a two-stroke diesel engine, the NOX emissions can be expected to be reduced by 10-20 per cent compared to HFO [heavy fuel oil], whereas the expected reduction for a four-stroke Otto cycle engine is larger and may actually meet Tier III NOX standards,' Mr Osberg pointed out.
'The use of LPG as a fuel will to a large degree avoid particulate matter and black carbon emissions. What is more, the combination of low production and combustion-related emissions results in an overall greenhouse gas emissions reduction of 17 per cent compared to HFO or MGO [marine gas oil].'
When the International Code of Safety for Ships Using Gases or Other Low-Flashpoint Fuels (IGF Code) entered into force in January 2017, it only contained detailed requirements for ships using natural gas as fuel.
WORLD SHIPPING
'Furthermore, there is considerable LPG infrastructure available around the world, including storage facilities, export terminals and coastal refineries with loading and unloading installations,' said DNV GL's head of the LNG section Torill Grimstad Osberg.
Using LPG as a fuel can lower emissions to air compared to conventional fuels, both in terms of greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants, reported Hellenic Shipping News Worldwide.
'The use of LPG virtually eliminates sulphur emissions and can help comply with local and global sulphur restrictions. The reduction of NOX [nitrogen oxide] emissions depends on the engine technology used.
'In the case of a two-stroke diesel engine, the NOX emissions can be expected to be reduced by 10-20 per cent compared to HFO [heavy fuel oil], whereas the expected reduction for a four-stroke Otto cycle engine is larger and may actually meet Tier III NOX standards,' Mr Osberg pointed out.
'The use of LPG as a fuel will to a large degree avoid particulate matter and black carbon emissions. What is more, the combination of low production and combustion-related emissions results in an overall greenhouse gas emissions reduction of 17 per cent compared to HFO or MGO [marine gas oil].'
When the International Code of Safety for Ships Using Gases or Other Low-Flashpoint Fuels (IGF Code) entered into force in January 2017, it only contained detailed requirements for ships using natural gas as fuel.
WORLD SHIPPING